What does the term "malware" refer to?

The term "malware" specifically refers to malicious software designed to compromise the integrity, confidentiality, or availability of computer systems and the data they hold. This can include various types of harmful programs such as viruses, worms, trojans, ransomware, and spyware, all created with the intent to disrupt, damage, or gain unauthorized access to computer resources.

Understanding this definition is crucial in distinguishing malware from other software categories. For instance, software installed without user consent might not necessarily be harmful; it could be adware or potentially unwanted programs that don’t meet the threshold of malicious intent. Similarly, software aimed at enhancing system performance is typically designed for positive purposes, while open-source software is characterized by its licensing and distribution model, rather than its intent or effects on systems. Therefore, the definition aligns closely with the nature and purpose of malware in the realm of cybersecurity and IT security training.