What is the principle of least privilege?

The principle of least privilege is a foundational concept in security management that asserts users should only be granted the minimum level of access necessary to perform their job functions effectively. By limiting access rights, organizations can reduce the risk of unauthorized activities, data breaches, and potential damage from malicious actions or human error. This principle helps to create a more secure environment by ensuring that even if a user account is compromised, the damage that could be done is minimized to that specific role's limitations.

Implementing the principle of least privilege not only protects sensitive information but also helps in auditing and monitoring access, thereby providing a clear understanding of who has access to which resources. This careful management of permissions is critical in maintaining the integrity and confidentiality of data within an organization.